2.1 Scales

Synonyms

Scales.

Definition/Description

Excessive thickening of stratum corneum with desquamation.


Fine scales (pityriasiform) to coarse (psoriasis).


Color: white, gray, yellow.


Size: mm to cm.

Special

Desquamation refers to diffuse shedding of scales. Special form: collerette with the scaling at the border of the lesion.

Localization

May appear anywhere on body surface: when localized often favours the palms and soles; may be generalized as in ichthyosis.

Course

May develop erosions or crusts. Associated with papules, pustules and plaques.

Comment / Explanation

Localized keratosis with excessive scales such as cutaneous horn.


 Lichenification (thickened, scaly epidermis).


 Palmoplantar keratoderma.

Typical Dermatoses

Infection: tinea.


Inflammation: psoriasis, atopic dermatitis.


Ichthyosis, xeroderma (dry skin), keratoderma.

Pathophysiology

Excessive hyperproliferation of epidermal layers, loss of adhesion of keratinocytes.

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